This is one of the papers from our 2017 Annual Conference. Information and the full conference booklet can be found at www.britishphenomenology.org.uk
Phenomenology entered the field of cognitive sciences in the early 90s of the 20th century (Varela 1993). Since then, several proposals for introducing phenomenology to the cognitive sciences have been produced e.g. front-loaded phenomenology (Gallagher 2003), formalization of phenomenological description (Marbach 2010), neurophenomenology (Lutz & Thompson 2003). In my paper, I would like to propose another approach, namely non-reductive theoretical integration with mechanistic explanations.
Mechanistic explanations are applied widely in life sciences especially in biology (e.g. Craver & Derden 2013). However, in recent years there have been attempts at introducing mechanistic thought to cognitive sciences (e.g. Bechtel 2008, Craver 2007) including an attempt to mechanistically explain consciousness (e.g. Oizumi et al. 2014). I will argue that this attempt is doomed to failure due to its phenomenological naivety. However, it can be improved by incorporating a phenomenological approach.
In my paper, firstly, I will discuss the background of practicing phenomenology in the cognitive sciences. Secondly, I will characterize mechanistic explanations and show why the mechanistic naturalization of consciousness will fail if it refuses to incorporate phenomenology. Then, in order to prove that phenomenology can be integrated with mechanistic explanations, I will argue for a new reading of Husserlian phenomenology, namely that it can be read as a kind of functionalism. The main objective of Husserlian phenomenology was to give adequate descriptions of the functions of consciousness. Furthermore, phenomenologically described functions of consciousness are congruent to some extent with a mechanistic approach - they are autonomous, multi-level, and decomposable. Finally, I will argue that phenomenological practice can be inspiring and deliver explananda to researchers working on mechanistic explanation of consciousness.
Prabhsharanbir Singh - The Auseinandersetzung with Colonialism and the Oblivion of Other Beginnings in Heidegger’s History of Being
Salvatore Spina - “Sacrificing for Being”: Opfer and Seinsfrage in Heidegger’s Black Notebooks
Lin Ma - On the Double Role of Going-Under in the History of Beyng – Thinking beneath and beyond Heidegger’s Ponderings in the Black Notebooks
Matthew Kruger-Ross - What can Heidegger teach us? After the Black Notebooks
Gülben Salman - From Pseudos to Falsum: Heidegger on Truth
Niall Keane - The World as Natural or Abysmal? The Threat of Naturalism and the History of Beyng
Babette Babich - Heidegger on Nietzsche’s ‘Rediscovery’ of the Greeks: Machenschaft and Seynsgeschichte in the Black Notebooks
Ullrich Haase - How can the Black Notebooks Enlighten us about the Question for the History of Being?
Zeigam Azizov – Without Origins: Husserl’s ‘temporal objects’ in the light of nonessentialist thinking
Tingwen Li – What If We Exclude Ready-mades from the Artworld?
Tarjej Larsen – Husserl's Circularity Argument for the Epoché
Rona Cohen – “Taking Flesh” in Heidegger: On Dasein’s Bodying Forth
Rhoda Ellis – Being, the Gallery and Virtual Reality: An Artist’s Take on Building
Philip Tovey – Temporal range, future mandate and strategic shaping; the existential and cognitive phenomenological ethics of preventative policing
Peter Wilson – Phenomenology and causal entities in psychiatry
Marcel Dubovec – The Inner Structure of Heidegger’s Concept of Freedom
Lorenzo Girardi – The Constitution of the One World: Faith in Husserl’s Philosophy
Julio Andrade – Normative provisionality as a means to navigate Levinasian infinite responsibility
James Rakoczi – Moving without movement: Merleau-Ponty’s “I can” in cases of global paralysis
Jack Price – Adorno and Scheler on Action and Experience
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