What are the 4 Noble Truths?

Bright on Buddhism Episode 50 - What are the 4 Noble Truths? What is their role in the doctrine? How have understandings of the 4 noble truths changed over time?

Resources: Bhikkhu Bodhi (2000), The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya, Boston: Wisdom Publications, ISBN 0-86171-331-1; Bhikkhu Nanamoli (translator) (1995), The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Majjhima Nikaya, Boston: Wisdom Publications, ISBN 0-86171-072-X; Bhikkhu Thanissaro (translator) (1997), Tittha Sutta: Sectarians (AN 3.61), retrieved 12 November 2007 {{citation}}: |last= has generic name (help) (See also Anguttara Nikaya); Feer, Leon, ed. (1976), The Samyutta Nikaya, vol. 5, London: Pāli Text Society; Walsh, Maurice (1995), The Long Discourses of the Buddha. A Translation of the Dīgha Nikāya, Wisdom Publications; Ajahn Sumedho (2002), The Four Noble Truths, Amaravati Publications; Ajahn Sucitto (2010), Turning the Wheel of Truth: Commentary on the Buddha's First Teaching, Shambhala; Bhikkhu Bodhi (1995a), "Preface", The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha. A New Translation of the Majjhima Nikaya, Wisdom Publications; Bhikkhu Bodhi (2011), The Noble Eightfold Path: Way to the End of Suffering (Kindle ed.), Independent Publishers Group; Geshe Tashi Tsering (2005), The Four Noble Truths: The Foundation of Buddhist Thought, Volume I (Kindle ed.), Wisdom; Geshe Tashi Tsering (2006), Buddhist Psychology: The Foundation of Buddhist Thought, Volume III (Kindle ed.), Perseus Books Group; Rahula, Walpola (2007), What the Buddha Taught, Grove Press; Analayo (2013), "The Chinese Parallels to the Dhammacakkappavattana-sutta (2)", Journal of the Oxford Centre for Buddhist Studies, 5: 9–41; Analayo (2013b), Satipatthana. The Direct Path to Realization, Windhorse Publications; Anderson, Carol (1999), Pain and Its Ending: The Four Noble Truths in the Theravada Buddhist Canon, Routledge; Anderson, Carol (2003), "Four Noble Truths", in Buswell, Robert E. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Buddhism, Macmillan Reference Books, ISBN 978-0-02-865718-9; Bronkhorst, Johannes (1993), The Two Traditions of Meditation in Ancient India, Motilal Banarsidass Publ.; Bucknell, Rod (1984), "The Buddhist to Liberation: An Analysis of the Listing of Stages", The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies, 7 (2); Kalupahana, David J. (1992), A history of Buddhist philosophy, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited; Gethin, Rupert (1998), Foundations of Buddhism, Oxford University Press; Gethin, R.M. (2003), The Buddhist Path to Awakening, OneWorld Publications; Keown, Damien (2000), Buddhism: A Very Short Introduction (Kindle ed.), Oxford University Press; Williams, Paul (2008), Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations, Routledge; Williams, Paul; Tribe, Anthony; Wynne, Alexander (2002), Buddhist Thought (Kindle ed.), Taylor & Francis; Anderson, Carol (2013). Pain and Its Ending: The Four Noble Truths in the Theravada Buddhist Canon. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-81325-2.; Bhikkhu Bodhi (1998). The Noble Eightfold Path: Way to the End of Suffering (PDF). Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 9789552401169.

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Credits:

Nick Bright: Script, Cover Art, Music, Voice of Hearer, Co-Host

Proven Paradox: Editing, mixing and mastering, social media, Voice of Hermit, Co-Host