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Join Ads Marketplace to earn through podcast sponsorships.
Manage your ads with dynamic ad insertion capability.
Monetize with Apple Podcasts Subscriptions via Podbean.
Earn rewards and recurring income from Fan Club membership.
Get the answers and support you need.
Resources and guides to launch, grow, and monetize podcast.
Stay updated with the latest podcasting tips and trends.
Check out our newest and recently released features!
Podcast interviews, best practices, and helpful tips.
The step-by-step guide to start your own podcast.
Create the best live podcast and engage your audience.
Tips on making the decision to monetize your podcast.
The best ways to get more eyes and ears on your podcast.
Everything you need to know about podcast advertising.
The ultimate guide to recording a podcast on your phone.
Steps to set up and use group recording in the Podbean app.
《游侠列传序》是《史记·游侠列传》的前序。游侠,是指重诺守信言必信,轻生取义的人,即侠客、剑侠等。在文中,司马迁运用对比、衬托手法突出了布衣之侠高贵品质,对他们所遭受的不公正待遇亦表露强烈不满,揭示社会的黑暗与不平,深化主题。反复咏叹以增加抒情性。而字里行间充满作者的爱憎态度。是为史记名文。
原文:
韩子曰:“儒以文乱法,而侠以武犯禁。”二者皆讥,而学士多称于世云。至如以术取宰相、卿、大夫,辅翼其世主,功名俱著于《春秋》,固无可言者。及若季次、原宪,闾巷人也,读书怀独行君子之德,义不苟合当世,当世亦笑之。故季次、原宪,终身空室蓬户,褐衣疏食不厌。死而已四百余年,而弟子志之不倦。今游侠,其行虽不轨于正义,然其言必信,其行必果,已诺必诚,不爱其躯,赴士之厄困,既已存亡死生矣,而不矜其能。羞伐其德。盖亦有足多者焉。
且缓急,人之所时有也。太史公曰:昔者虞舜窘于井廪,伊尹负于鼎俎,傅说匿于傅险,吕尚困于棘津,夷吾桎梏,百里饭牛,仲尼畏匡,菜色陈、蔡。此皆学士所谓有道仁人也,犹然遭此灾,况以中材而涉乱世之末流乎?其遇害何可胜道哉!鄙人有言曰:“何知仁义,已享其利者为有德。”故伯夷丑周,饿死首阳山,而文、武不以其故贬王;跖跻暴戾,其徒诵义无穷。由此观之,“窃钩者诛,窃国者侯;侯之门,仁义存。”非虚言也。今拘学或抱咫尺之义,久孤于世,岂若卑论侪俗,与世浮沉而取荣名哉!而布衣之徒,设取予然诺,千里诵义,为死不顾世。此亦有所长,非苟而已也。故士穷窘而得委命,此岂非人之所谓贤豪间者邪?诚使乡曲之侠,予季次、原宪比权量力,效功于当世,不同日而论矣。要以功见言信,侠客之义,又曷可少哉!
古布衣之侠,靡得而闻已。近世延陵、孟尝、春申、平原、信陵之徒,皆因王者亲属,藉于有土卿相之富厚,招天下贤者,显名诸侯,不可谓不贤者矣。比如顺风而呼,声非加疾,其势激也。至如闾巷之侠,修行砥名,声施于天下,莫不称贤,是为难耳!然儒、墨皆排摈不载。自秦以前,匹夫之侠,湮灭不见,余甚恨之。以余所闻,汉兴,有朱家、田仲、王公、剧孟、郭解之徒,虽时扞当世之文罔,然其私义,廉洁退让,有足称者。名不虚立,士不虚附。至如朋党宗强,比周设财役贫,豪暴侵凌孤弱,恣欲自快,游侠亦丑之。余悲世俗不察其意,而猥以朱家、郭解等,令与豪暴之徒同类而共笑之也。
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