Polity EP 27 | The Prime Minister | Constitution | UPSC podcast | laxmikant | Central Government

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In India's parliamentary system, the President is the nominal executive authority, while the Prime Minister is the real executive authority. The President is the head of State, and the Prime Minister is the head of the government.

According to Article 75 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who must appoint the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha. When no party has a clear majority, the President may appoint the leader of the largest party or coalition to prove their majority in the Lok Sabha. In cases like Indira Gandhi's assassination, the President can use individual judgment for the appointment, as seen with Rajiv Gandhi.

The Prime Minister can be a member of either the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha. The Prime Minister takes two oaths: the Oath of Office, pledging true faith to the Constitution, and the Oath of Secrecy, committing to not disclose information acquired as a minister. The Prime Minister serves at the pleasure of the President but must resign if they lose majority support in the Lok Sabha. The salary is determined by Parliament, along with benefits like accommodation and travel facilities.

The Prime Minister's powers include recommending ministerial appointments and dismissals, allocating and reshuffling portfolios, presiding over meetings, and directing ministerial activities. The Prime Minister acts as the main communication channel between the President and the council of ministers and advises on the appointment of key officials. In Parliament, the Prime Minister advises on summoning sessions, can recommend dissolving the Lok Sabha, and announces government policies.

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