莎士比亚的一生和经典名言 · 主播Wilson，粒粒 NO.132

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主播：Wilson, 粒粒
地点：成都，北京

他的名字在世界文学史上家喻户晓。
他的逝世纪念日被联合国教科文组织选定为世界图书和版权日。
他就是William Shakespeare威廉·莎士比亚。

莎士比亚出生于1564年4月23日，逝世于1616年4月23日。2016年4月23恰好是莎士比亚逝世400周年的日子。

为你读英语美文特别推出莎翁400年纪念特辑，由两位英音纯正的主播精心呈现。Wilson在成都，粒粒在北京，隔空合作。在节目的上半部分，他们将为你介绍莎士比亚的生平；节目的下半部分，他们将为你读莎翁的经典名句。

留言告诉我们你喜欢的莎翁作品，你对莎翁的印象或你听完节目后的感受。

Part 1 莎士比亚生平
粒粒：
William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights(剧作家) and poets（诗人） the world has ever known. With his 38 plays（戏剧）, 154 sonnets（十四行诗） and 2 long poems（长叙事诗）, he has established his giant position in world literature. He has also been given the highest praises by various scholars and critics the world over. In the past four hundred years or so, books and essays on Shakespeare and his works have kept coming out in large quantities.

Wilson:
Shakespeare went to London which afforded（给予） a wonderful environment for the development of drama. Shakespeare worked both as actor and playwright. He acted and wrote for the Lord Chamberlain&`&s Men（侍从长剧团）, which was later renamed the King&`&s Men（国王剧团）. Shakespeare established himself so well as a playwright that Robert Greene, one of the “University Wits”（大学才子派）, resentfully(充满憎恨地) declared him to be an upstart crow.

An upstart crow背景小知识：
因为莎士比亚的才华和名气盖过了当时很多有地位有身份的作家,Robert Greene就是其中之一，这句话就是他说的，全文是:There is an upstart crow beautified with our feathers that, with his tiger&`&s heart wrapped in a player&`&s hide, supposes he is as well able to bombast out a blank verse as the best of you; being an absolute Johannes Factotum, in his conceit the only shake-scene in a country. 基本上就是讽刺莎士比亚是一个从乡下来的穷小子什么都不懂莫名其妙就成了名（upstart crow的意思就是妄图依靠一时的名气攀上上层社会的乌鸦），癞蛤蟆想吃天鹅肉。其中更是说莎士比亚能写出最好的东西也不过是乡巴佬的作品而已。

粒粒：
From about 1591 to about 1611, Shakespeare was in the prime of his dramatic career（莎士比亚戏剧事业的鼎盛时期） and his plays came out one after another. Shakespeare did not confine（局限） his genius merely to the theater. In 1593 and 1594, he published two narrative poems（长叙事诗）, Venus and Adonis《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》and The Rape of Lucrece《鲁克丽丝受辱记》, both of which were dedicated to the Earl of Southampton. (两首长诗题献给当时的年轻贵族——南安普敦伯爵The Earl of Southampton ). He also wrote sonnets, which were published in 1609.

背景小知识
Venus and Adonis “维纳斯和阿多尼斯”是古罗马的神话故事。故事描述了爱神维纳斯和美男子阿多尼斯的爱情故事。该故事广为流传，历史上曾被名家们多次引用而创作出耳熟能详的惊世之作。

The Rape of Lucrece《鲁克丽丝受辱记》是莎士比亚创作的英国文艺复兴时期诗歌。该诗是根据古罗马传说创作的诗歌。主人公是路修斯·塔昆纽斯（或塔昆），他是罗马王政时代的最后一个国王。他在谋杀岳父、篡据王位后，暴虐无道，民怨沸腾。公元前509年，因其子奸污鲁克丽丝，激起公愤，他和他的家族被放逐，王朝被推翻，罗马共和国遂告成立。

Wilson:
By 1597, Shakespeare was so prosperous that he bought the largest house in Stratford, known as New Place(新宫). About 1610 Shakespeare left London and retired to Stratford, though he continued to write for some time. He died on April 23, 1616.

莎士比亚的墓碑上没有刻上名字，只有几行可能是他自己写的诗句，用来劝诫盗墓者：“好朋友，看在耶稣份上，莫要挖掘这里的墓葬。全此碑石者老天保佑，移我骸骨者要受诅咒。”

Part 2 莎士比亚名言

　　To be, or not to be. That is the question.
　　生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题。

　　Better a witty fool than a foolish wit.
　　宁为聪明的愚夫，不作愚蠢的才子。

　　A light heart lives long.
　　豁达者长寿。

　　Do not, for one repulse, give up the purpose that you resolved to effect.
　　不要只因一次失败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。

　　In delay there lies no plenty, Then come kiss me, sweet and twenty, Youth’s a stuff that will not endure.
　　迁延蹉跎，来日无多，二十丽姝，请来吻我，衰草枯杨，青春易过。

　　The time of life is short; to spend that shortness basely, it would be too long.
　　人生苦短，若虚度年华，则短暂的人生就太长了。

　　Don’t gild the lily.
　　不要给百合花镀金/画蛇添足。

　　The empty vessels make the greatest sound.
　　满瓶不响，半瓶咣当。

　　The course of true love never did run smooth.
　　真诚的爱情之路永不会是平坦的。

　　Love, and the same charcoal, burning, need to find ways to ask cooling. Allow an arbitrary, it is necessary to heart charred.
　　爱，和炭相同，烧起来，得想办法叫它冷却。让它任意着，那就要把一颗心烧焦。

　　Laughter is the root of all evil.
　　笑是一切罪恶的根源。

　　Words can not express true love, loyalty behavior is the best explanation.
　　真正的爱情是不能用言语表达的，行为才是忠心的最好说明。

　　Love is a woman with the ears, and if the men will love, but love is to use your eyes.
　　女人是用耳朵恋爱的,而男人如果会产生爱情的话,却是用眼睛来恋爱。

　　I bogged down in a sea of blood back legs, unable to stop, go back, as far as like, people feel that there is no retreat. The future is a marshy area, people got in deeper and deeper.
　　我两腿早陷在血海里，欲罢不能,想回头，就像走到尽头般，叫人心寒,退路是没有了，前途是一片沼泽地，让人越陷越深。

　　There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so.
　　世间本无善恶，端看个人想法。

　　When the heart of honor get hurt of time, the comity is to cure its good medicine.
　　当荣誉心受伤的时候,友谊是治愈它的良药。

主播介绍
Wilson毕业于北京语言大学，在成都从事英语口语教学工作；粒粒也毕业于北京语言大学，现就职于中央电视台，是一名新闻编辑。在合作第121期节目《致亲爱的贝茜》时，永清问到Wilson和粒粒的大学时，才发现原来Wilson和粒粒是校友。大学时不曾见面，毕业后却一起做节目，这就是做喜欢的事情所带来的缘分。

垫乐
姜小鹏,杨佳音,李军 - 斯卡波罗集市 Scarborough Fair
Alexandre Desplat - Desplat： The King&`&s Speech（《国王的演讲》原声）
William Joseph - Amazing Grace
手嶌葵-Amazing Grace

主播: Wilson, 粒粒 制作|发行: 永清
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