Bhagavad Gita Chapter 13: Body, Soul, and the Supreme Soul

“Oh, Arjuna, the body is the ‘field of activity,’ the Kshetra, while the ‘knower of this bodily field,’ is Kshetragnya, the soul and God; this understanding is true knowledge,” Krishna proceeded to explain. Sages, Vedas and scriptures have revealed this truth.  

This ‘field’ consists of 5 elements, ego, intellect, formless primordial matter, 11 senses and 5 sensory objects, while dualities like desire-aversion, joy-sorrow, body, will, and consciousness fall in its realm.

Noble qualities and attributes that include - humility, non-violence, purity, self-control, dispassion, detachment, awareness about birth, death, disease, old age, devotion, spiritual inclination, and seeking absolute truth- form part of knowledge, while the contrary is ignorance.  

Now, O Parth, know about Brahman, which is beyond beginning, existence, and non-existence; awareness of which can bestow immortality. This all-pervading Brahman remains unattached to any but sustains all; Himself devoid of senses, perceives sense objects, and is without attributes but enjoys material nature. This Supreme entity is subtle, incomprehensible and indivisible, is both near and far, and remains the Creator, Sustainer and Destroyer of all. This source of all light is free of ignorance, and being the embodiment of knowledge, He lives in all beings.     

Now, hear from Me about Purush, the individual soul seated in Prakriti, the material nature. At the same time, the Supreme Lord, too, resides in the body as the witness, transcendental enjoyer, controller, and Paramatma, the Supreme Soul. Understanding these - Paramatma, Purush, Prakriti, and the interaction of nature’s 3 modes, will grant liberation.

People perceive the Supreme Soul residing within themselves through meditation, knowledge, action, and also devotion. This Paramatma, present in all beings, accompanies their soul and remains immortal in the mortal frame. Though located within the body and pervading its consciousness, He neither acts nor is affected by bodily attributes and illuminates the body with consciousness as the Sun illuminates the solar system.

Know the difference between the body and soul can take one to the ultimate destination.

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